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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

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推动首都房地产业平稳过渡******

　　本报讯(记者潘福达)北京银保监局昨天召开2023年工作会议，部署2023年重点任务。记者获悉，今年金融系统将扎实做好稳增长、稳就业、稳物价工作，有效防范化解重大金融风险，全力推动首都经济社会和银行业保险业高质量发展。

　　据统计，2022年，北京辖内新增贷款9991.2亿元，同比多增3576.1亿元，保险资金运用余额同比增长14.7%。2022年末，北京制造业中长期贷款余额9651.1亿元，增速高于各项贷款平均增速26.2个百分点。政策性开发性金融工具累计投放基础设施建设基金161.1亿元，政策性开发性转贷款业务余额174.4亿元、同比增长9.1%。本市还出台政策文件对科技创新企业给予全链条金融支持，年末科技型企业贷款较年初增长16%。

　　促进首都房地产市场平稳健康发展方面，金融系统支持首都居民住房合理融资需求，2022年末辖内个人住房贷款余额1.2万亿元，同比增长1.7%，其中首套房占比86%。坚持“房住不炒”定位，落实“金融十六条”措施，今年将推动首都房地产行业向新发展模式平稳过渡，前瞻性应对信用风险集中反弹，分类施策推进高风险金融机构处置，持续做好重点领域风险防控和乱象治理。

　　今年本市还将统筹推进金融供给侧结构性改革，引领高水平对外开放。金融系统将高标准支持“两区”建设，积极推动北京市高水平建设国家营商环境创新试点城市及5.0版改革任务落实。聚焦全球数字经济标杆城市建设重点目标，持续提升企业获取金融服务的满意度和便利度。

　　截至2022年末，北京银行业资产总额31.9万亿元，负债总额30.4万亿元，同比分别增长6.36%和6.44%。其中贷款、存款占比均达近十年最高值，主业更加突出。保险业资产总额1.46万亿元，同比增长14.1%，规模及增速全国领先。行业全年累计承担风险保障2556.9万亿元，累计赔付支出774.5亿元，为人民群众积累寿险和长期健康险准备金9555.7亿元。

　　五年来，北京银行业资产总额增长43.5%，各项贷款增长53%，其中制造业贷款及小微企业贷款分别增长73%和85%，不良贷款率持续处于全国较低水平；保险业保费收入增长50%，承担风险保障总额增长2.2倍。北京银行业保险业在保持较快增长的同时，有效实现风险化解、结构优化和功能强化。

　　（文图：赵筱尘巫邓炎）

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